Essay Topic:

The list of possible health and fitness programs for children with disabilities and disorders.

Essay Questions:

What are the basic kick-ball rules for children with disabilities?

What are the main instructions for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?

What fitness programs are appropriate for children with behavior disorders?

Thesis Statement:

As children with disabilities generally have similar problems as for the behavior required to play kickball, here is a list of modifications to the game rules, which make the game appropriate for such children.

Health and Fitness for children with disabilities and Disorders essay

 

1. The basic kick-ball rules for children with disabilities

2. Instructions for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:

3. Instructions for children with Behavior Disorders

The basic kick-ball rules form children with disabilities:

As children with disabilities generally have similar problems as for the behavior required to play kickball, here is a list of modifications to the game rules, which make the game appropriate for such children.

1. Children with disabilities face difficulties in social interactions so the number of players needs to be minimized. A team consists of six players, and minimums of four players are needed to start and continue the game. It is an alternative variant of kick-ball, as children with disabilities fail to perform good teamwork.

2. The members of the defensive team are supposed to change their positions every other pitch, so that the player “feels” the game from different positions and finds the position he/she prefers. The team is constantly in rotation. This happens primarily due to the inability of such children to focus one on activity for a long period of time.

3. The batter in case of force-outs, pop-outs and so on gets another try and then is “out” and changes his player position because children with disabilities needed to feel successful in order to train their social skills. Also the physical requirements must not be excessive because the majority of children are on different medications. In addition, a runner is "out" when hit in any part of the body as it may be hard for disabled children to hit a specific part.

4. The batter waits until the ball is seven feet of home plate and only then attempts to kick it. If the pitch is inappropriate but the batter still tries to catch it he gets an extra-try. Strikeouts and walks are acceptable. The maximum amount of attempts for the batter to get a pitch is - four. A missed attempt or foul does not count as a try. After four tries the team rotation occurs. This still trains their attention with a high potential of success.

5. Deliberate crushed result in the player’s dismissal from the game. This especially works for children with behavior disorders.

6. The batting order occurs according to the team rotation. The players have to try all the positions presented in the game in order to stay focused.

7. The game accepts umpires who are responsible for the first and third-base coach.

Instructions for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder:

Children with this disorder experience difficulties attempting to control their behavior and/or pay attention.The inattention, hyperactivity, andimpulsivity of such children in the game can cause certain problems as they are always restless and can leave their position when they get bored; they become easily distracted, sometimes fail to follow the instructions and tend to skip from one activity to another. For these reasons kickball needs be adapted to be a game with a team rotation so that the children would not get bored and new activities would catch their attention.

1.The child gets short instructions concerning what he\she is not supposed to do to stay in the game.

2. The player does not stay in the same playing position for more than seven minutes. Otherwise, the child will be looking around and/or will simply leave the place.

3. The child should not just be explained how to pitch or how to bat, but instead should be allowed to TRY how to do it.

4. The child should be put as a positive example (try to find something to make a positive accent on in front of the whole team).

5. It is vital to make sure that the child is constantly in different roles in the game.

Instructions for children with Behavior Disorders:

Behavior disorders are a form of a mental pathology resulting in the child’s failure to conduct. The ability of these students to learn decreases with the number of the pathologies they have, therefore a special K-12 approach should be used in order to make the learning more effective. Children with behavior disorders can display aggressive reactions that sometimes may even become abusive. After the act of abuse children with behavior disorders do not accept the fact that their behavior was inappropriate and do not feel guilty. Such children are self-centered and have a hard time working in groups as they lack empathy; they are externals, as put the blame of their failures on other people. The modification of kick-ball can teach such children to actually work in groups, freely ask for help when needed and therefore make their behavior more socially acceptable. As children with behavior disorders are rather active, this activity can perfectly fit the kick-ball game.

1.The game gets an element of a more close social interaction. The batter has to thank the pitcher for every nice pitch.

2.The players have to shake hands at the beginning and at the end of the game. After the game each player has to mention what he liked in each player’s manner to play.

3. Any aggressive word takes away point from the team. Abusive behavior results in the player’s dismissal. This fact has to be announced to such children before the game, as they have to know the exact consequences.

4. Such children can become good umpires and batters, as these positions are rather responsible and require high activity.

5. Should be praised after every single one little success in the game. This is done in order to build self-esteem.

6.The student may need the instructions to be repeated a few times and in accurate order.

Bibliography:

1. Stanford Intramurals. Department of Athletics, Physical Education and Recreation. Kickball Rules.

PE Central: Common disabilities defined/described.